This content is geared toward Android platform developers.Before understanding how testing is done on the Android platform,please refer to the Android platform architecturefor an overview.
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Then delve into the precise technologies available to you in this section, suchas the Vendor Test Suite (VTS) and its myriadvideo and codelab tutorials.
Also note the security-specific testingmechanisms available to detect and harden your devices against vulnerabilities.
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For app testing, start with the Fundamentals of Testingand conduct the Android Testing Codelabusing the samples provided.
What and how to test
A platform test typically interacts with one or more of the Android systemservices, or Hardware abstraction layer (HAL) layers, exercises thefunctionalities of the subject under test, and asserts correctness of thetesting outcome.
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As such, a platform test may:
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- exercise framework APIs via application framework; specific APIs beingexercised may include:
- public APIs intended for third-party applications
- hidden APIs intended for privileged applications, namely system APIs
- private APIs (@hide, or protected, package private)
- invoke Android system services via raw binder/IPC proxies directly
- interact directly with HALs via low-level APIs or IPC interfaces
Types 1 and 2 are typically written as instrumentationtests, whiletype 3 are usually written as nativetests using thegtest framework.
To learn more, see our end-to-end examples:
Become familiar with these tools, as they are intrinsic to testing in Android.
Compatibility Test Suite (CTS)
Android Compatibility Test Suiteis a suite of various types of tests, used to ensure compatibility ofAndroid framework implementations across OEM partners, and across platformreleases. The suite also includes instrumentation tests and native tests(also using gtest framework).
CTS and platform tests are not mutually exclusive, and here are some generalguidelines:
- if a test is asserting correctness of framework API functions/behaviors, andit should be enforced across OEM partners, it should be in CTS
- if a test is intended to catch regressions during platform developmentcycle, and may require privileged permission to carry out, and may bedependent on implementation details (as released in AOSP), it should only beplatform tests
Vendor Test Suite (VTS)
The Vendor Test Suite (VTS) automates HAL and OS kerneltesting. To use VTS to test an Android native system implementation, set up atesting environment then test a patch using a VTS plan.
Trade Federation Testing Infrastructure
Trade Federation (tradefed or TF forshort) is a continuous test framework designed for running tests on Androiddevices. TF can run functional tests locally, at your desk, within your platformcheckout. There are two required files to run a test in TF, a java test sourceand an XML config. SeeRebootTest.java andreboot.xml for examples.
Debugging
The Debugging section summarizes useful tools and relatedcommands for debugging, tracing, and profiling native Android platform code whendeveloping platform-level features.